The procedure known as fine needle aspiration (FNA) involves taking samples of tissue or fluid from a human organ using a small needle. An extremely thin, hollow needle is carefully placed into the skin during testicular sperm aspiration or TESA. The needle frequently has a syringe attached to it. Sperm is then taken straight out of the testicles.  Following that, a tiny sample of tissue is taken, processed, and analyzed for sperm in a lab.

Usually, there is no need to make a skin incision to perform the test. This lessens the chance of infection or other problems, as well as any discomfort the test-taker may experience. In situations of obstructive azoospermia, it is frequently employed. One option for this surgery is local anesthesia.

The sperm produced using this approach is processed for further analysis or ICSI egg fertilization.

For the following reasons, testicular FNA has become more and more popular as a diagnostic and therapeutic technique for treating male infertility:

• Because the testicles are easily accessible, they make excellent organs for FNA examination.

• The movement toward less intrusive techniques sees FNA as a better option than surgical testicular biopsy.